Thursday, January 31, 2013

Creative Recruitment: Packaging Artworker - London

Our client is a leading packaging supplier to the FMCG industry. They are now in need an Packaging Artworker based on-site at the brand to provide an artwork provision to a specific brand across all packaging substrates.

The following knowledge, skills and abilities are the minimum requirements for the position of the Packaging Artworker. The Packaging Artworker is a key position in the studio team, and as such will be expected to commit to the expectations that are common in this role.
You will have to show working/technical knowledge of all software packages ADOBE Illustrator, Photoshop and Acrobat.

The Packaging Artworker role is to be accountable for meeting the demands of their customers in the effective production of artwork files, this encompasses both internal/external communication and a degree of project management of artwork process.

We have been specialising in sourcing the right permanent and temporary candidates for creative industries since 1995.

Source: http://jobs.printweek.com/job/337852/packaging-artworker-london/?TrackID=3

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Wednesday, January 30, 2013

LG Electronics sinks to loss after EU fine

SEOUL, South Korea (AP) ? LG Electronics Inc. reported its first quarterly loss in a year Wednesday after Europe slapped it with a massive fine for price fixing.

Its net loss totaled 468 billion won ($429 million) for the last quarter of 2012, compared with a loss of 112 billion a year earlier.

The European Union fined it 492 million euros ($664 million) last month for rigging prices of cathode-ray tubes for years up until 2006. LG said it would appeal.

LG also blamed its poor fourth quarter on intense competition among TV makers and sluggish consumer demand. The won's gains against the U.S. dollar also hurt, LG said.

Operating profit, which excludes the fine, rose 25 percent over a year earlier to 107.2 billion won. Revenue fell slightly to 13.5 trillion won.

The increase in operating profit was driven by LG's mobile business which was profitable in 2012 after suffering two years of losses. LG's smartphone shipments jumped 56 percent over a year earlier to 8.6 million in the fourth quarter, helped by its Optimus series of phones based on the Android operating system.

LG Electronics is among the smaller players in the smartphone market. Counterpoint Technology Market Research estimated that more than 90 percent of the smartphone market's profit is claimed by Samsung Electronics Co. and Apple Inc.

But higher-end smartphones have steadily increased in importance for LG's overall mobile business as it battles competition from Chinese makers at the low-cost end of the market.

LG said it plans to bet on countries that have begun introducing faster wireless networks called LTE, which it expects will produce higher demand for smartphones compatible with the new technology.

The company, which competes in the TV market with Sony Corp., Panasonic Corp. and local rival Samsung Electronics Co., is counting on early launches of advanced displays such as OLED and ultra-high definition this year to get ahead of its rivals.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/495d344a0d10421e9baa8ee77029cfbd/Article_2013-01-30-SKorea-Earns-LG%20Electronics/id-6d6d72dc6d52473d8336d91f7128320b

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Jamie-Lynn Sigler engaged to Cutter Dykstra

By Brandi Fowler, E! Online

Jamie-Lynn Sigler is heading to the altar!

The 31-year-old former "Sopranos" star announced her engagement to Washington Nationals minor-league infielder (and son of former New York Mets center fielder Lenny Dykstra) Cutter Dykstra Monday, showing off her diamond engagement ring on Twitter.

And it looks like the baseball star hit a home run in the bling department.

Marisa Tomei, meanwhile, is not engaged to "Prometheus" hunk Logan Marshall-Green

"So this just happened," Sigler wrote, posting a photo of herself wearing her sparkler while sitting in a car with her 23-year-old hubby-to-be.

"She said yes!!" Dykstra tweeted in response to his lady love.

Take a look at other stars' blingtastic engagement rings!

This will be the second marriage for the actress, who split with her manager A.J. DiScala in 2005.

Congrats!

Related content:

  • Leah's engaged and pregnant on 'Teen Mom 2'
  • Olivia Wilde and Jason Sudeikis engaged
  • George Lucas engaged to longtime girlfriend

Source: http://todayentertainment.today.com/_news/2013/01/29/16752218-jamie-lynn-sigler-engaged-to-cutter-dykstra-tweets-engagement-ring-photo?lite

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Nutrition Q&A: Diabetes may cause weight loss | Sify Health

Nutrition and Dietetics expert, Parvathy Radhakrishnan answers readers? questions on nutrition. Get your doubts cleared and see them featured on our FAQ page every Wednesday.

Dear Madam,I am santosh and my age is 38 years, gender-male and married, my weight is 42 kg. only. Since almost ten years I have not gained weight instead lost some 5 kg., being economically very poor I can not afford medical expenses that is why never gone to show the doctor, somewhere I feel I am suffering from diabities because all the symptoms of this disease are very evident in me, pls. advise me how I can improve my health and lead a healthy life.
Thanks,Santosh

Santosh, if you feel you have diabetes then you need to see a doctor and get proper treatment. You may be losing weight due to diabetes. Without out doing a full blood test or checking for underlying illness it is not recommended to increase food intake especially if you suspect diabetes.Any government hospital will be able to help you at minimal cost. If you are a smoker please stop smoking. Smoking prevents weight gain.

Send in your questions on nutrition to bawarchieditor@sify.com now! And don?t forget to include `Nutrition FAQ` in the subject line. Please provide complete details of your age, sex, height, weight, location and medication if any, if a diet is required for specific ailments.

Source: http://health.sify.com/nutrition-qa-diabetes-may-cause-weight-loss/

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Tuesday, January 29, 2013

Primates, too, can move in unison

Jan. 28, 2013 ? Japanese researchers show for the first time that primates modify their body movements to be in tune with others, just like humans do. Humans unconsciously modify their movements to be in synchrony with their peers. For example, we adapt our pace to walk in step or clap in unison at the end of a concert. This phenomenon is thought to reflect bonding and facilitate human interaction. Researchers from the RIKEN Brain Science Institute report that pairs of macaque monkeys also spontaneously coordinate their movements to reach synchrony.

This research opens the door to much-needed neurophysiological studies of spontaneous synchronization in monkeys, which could shed light into human behavioral dysfunctions such as those observed in patients with autism spectrum disorders, echopraxia and echolalia -- where patients uncontrollably imitate others.

In the research, recently published in the journal Scientific Reports, the team led by Naotaka Fujii developed an experimental set-up to test whether pairs of Japanese macaque monkeys synchronize a simple push-button movement.

Before the experiment, the monkeys were trained to push a button with one hand. In a first experiment the monkeys were paired and placed facing each other and the timing of their push-button movements was recorded. The same experiment was repeated but this time each monkey was shown videos of another monkey pushing a button at varying speeds. And in a last experiment the macaques were not allowed to either see or hear their video-partner.

The results show that the monkeys modified their movements -- increased or decreased the speed of their push-button movement -- to be in synchrony with their partner, both when the partner was real and on video. The speed of the button pressing movement changed to be in harmonic or sub-harmonic synchrony with the partners' speed. However, different pairs of monkeys synchronized differently and reached different speeds, and the monkeys synchronized their movements the most when they could both see and hear their partner.

The researchers note that this behavior cannot have been learnt by the monkeys during the experiment, as previous research has shown that it is extremely difficult for monkeys to learn intentional synchronization.

They add: "The reasons why the monkeys showed behavioral synchronization are not clear. It may be a vital aspect of other socially adaptive behavior, important for survival in the wild."

The study was partly supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas 'Neural creativity for communication' (22120522 and 24120720) of MEXT, Japan.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by RIKEN.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Yasuo Nagasaka, Zenas C. Chao, Naomi Hasegawa, Tomonori Notoya, Naotaka Fujii. Spontaneous synchronization of arm motion between Japanese macaques. Scientific Reports, 2013; 3 DOI: 10.1038/srep01151

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/strange_science/~3/AMbAPs6-r80/130128081952.htm

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Mixpanel Launches Revenue Analytics To Track The Lifetime Value Of Your Customers

mixpanel revenue analyticsBack in December, analytics startup Mixpanel made a splash when its co-founder Suhail Doshi and its investor Marc Andreessen called for an end to "bullshit metrics". What is and isn't a vanity metric (to put it more politely) can be debatable, but today it's launching analytics for something that's squarely in the "not B.S." bucket ? a company's revenue. Doshi said that for many companies, revenue data is usually stored in a database, requiring some work and technical expertise to extract ? which means that teams often operate with a limited idea of how much money they're making at any given point in time. With Mixpanel's revenue analytics, companies can view their revenue data in an easy-to-understand dashboard. The product can integrate with their existing database, and businesses can also add a snippet of code to their website that sends data to Mixpanel every time there's a transaction.

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/Mxvj2TE__g0/

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Obama on immigration overhaul: 'Now is the time'

President Barack Obama speaks about immigration reform Tuesday, Jan. 29, 2013, at Del Sol High School in Las Vegas. (AP Photo/Isaac Brekken)

President Barack Obama speaks about immigration reform Tuesday, Jan. 29, 2013, at Del Sol High School in Las Vegas. (AP Photo/Isaac Brekken)

President Barack Obama speaks about immigration reform Tuesday, Jan. 29, 2013, at Del Sol High School in Las Vegas. (AP Photo/Isaac Brekken)

President Barack Obama turns to leave after shaking hands and speaking about immigration at Del Sol High School, Tuesday, Jan. 29, 2013, in Las Vegas. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)

President Barack Obama points to someone in the crowd as he arrives to speak about immigration at Del Sol High School, Tuesday, Jan. 29, 2013, in Las Vegas. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)

Sen. Marco Rubio, R-Fla.. center, answers a reporter's question as he and a bipartisan group of leading senators announce that they have reached agreement on the principles of sweeping legislation to rewrite the nation's immigration laws, during a news conference at the Capitol in Washington, Monday, Jan. 28, 2013. From left are Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., Sen. Charles Schumer, D-N.Y., Sen. Marco Rubio, R-Fla., and Sen. Robert Menendez, D-N.J. The deal covers border security, guest workers and employer verification, as well as a path to citizenship for the 11 million illegal immigrants already in this country. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite)

(AP) ? Declaring "now is the time" to fix the nation's broken immigration system, President Barack Obama on Tuesday outlined broad proposals for putting millions of illegal immigrants on a clear path to citizenship while cracking down on businesses that employ people illegally and tightening security at the borders. He hailed a bipartisan Senate group on a similar track but left unresolved key details that could derail the complex and emotional effort.

Potential Senate roadblocks center on how to structure the avenue to citizenship and on whether legislation would cover same-sex couples ? and that's all before a Senate measure could be debated, approved and sent to the Republican-controlled House where opposition is sure to be stronger.

Obama, who carried Nevada in the November election with heavy Hispanic support, praised the Senate push, saying Congress is showing "a genuine desire to get this done soon." But mindful of previous immigrations efforts that have failed, he warned that the debate would be difficult and vowed to send his own legislation to Capitol Hill if lawmakers don't act quickly.

"The question now is simple," Obama said during a campaign-style event in Las Vegas, one week after being sworn in for a second term in the White House. "Do we have the resolve as a people, as a country, as a government to finally put this issue behind us? I believe that we do."

Shortly after Obama finished speaking, cracks emerged between the White House and the group of eight senators, which put out their proposals one day ahead of the president. Arizona Sen. Jeff Flake, one of four Republicans in the group, criticized Obama for not making a citizenship pathway contingent on tighter border security, a central tenant of the lawmakers' proposals.

"This provision is key to ensuring that border security is achieved, and is also necessary to ensure that a reform package can actually move through Congress," Flake said in a statement.

House Speaker John Boehner also responded coolly, with spokesman Brendan Buck saying the Ohio Republican hoped the president would be "careful not to drag the debate to the left and ultimately disrupt the difficult work that is ahead in the House and Senate."

Despite possible obstacles to come, the broad agreement between the White House and bipartisan lawmakers in the Senate represents a drastic shift in Washington's willingness to tackle immigration, an issue that has languished for years. Much of that shift is politically motivated, due to the growing influence of Hispanics in presidential and other elections and their overwhelming support for Obama in November.

The separate White House and Senate proposals focus on the same principles: providing a way for most of the estimated 11 million people already in the U.S. illegally to become citizens, strengthening border security, cracking down on employers who hire illegal immigrants and streamlining the legal immigration system.

A consensus around the question of citizenship could help lawmakers clear one major hurdle that has blocked previous immigration efforts. Many Republicans have opposed allowing illegal immigrants to become citizens, saying that would be an unfair reward for people who have broken the law.

Details on how to achieve a pathway to citizenship still could prove to be a major sticking point between the White House and the Senate group.

Obama and the Senate lawmakers all want to require people here illegally to register with the government, pass criminal and national security background checks, pay fees and penalties as well as back taxes, and wait until existing immigration backlogs are cleared before getting in line for green cards. Neither proposal backs up those requirements with specifics.

After achieving legal status, U.S. law says people can become citizens after five years.

The Senate proposal says that entire process couldn't start until the borders were fully secure and tracking of people in the U.S. on visas had improved. Those vague requirements would almost certainly make the timeline for achieving citizenship longer than what the White House is proposing.

The president urged lawmakers to avoid making the citizenship pathway so difficult that it would appear out of reach for many illegal immigrants.

"We all agree that these men and women have to earn their way to citizenship," he said. "But for comprehensive immigration reform to work, it must make clear from the outset that there is a pathway to citizenship."

"It won't be a quick process, but it will be a fair process," Obama added.

Another key difference between the White House and Senate proposals is the administration's plan to allow same-sex partners to seek visas under the same rules that govern other family immigration. The Senate principles do not recognize same-sex partners, though Democratic lawmakers have told gay rights groups that they could seek to include that in a final bill.

John McCain of Arizona, who is part of the Senate immigration group, called the issue a "red flag" in an interview Tuesday on "CBS This Morning."

Washington last took up immigration changes in a serious way in 2007, when then-President George W. Bush pressed for an overhaul. The initial efforts had bipartisan support but eventually collapsed in the Senate because of a lack of GOP support.

Cognizant of that failed effort, the White House has readied its own immigration legislation. But officials said Obama will send it to the Hill only if the Senate process stalls.

Most of the recommendations Obama made Tuesday were not new. They were included in the immigration blueprint he released in 2011, but he exerted little political capital to get it passed by Congress, to the disappointment of many Hispanics.

Some of the recommendations in the Senate plan are also pulled from past immigration efforts. The senators involved in formulating the latest proposals, in addition to McCain and Flake, are Democrats Charles Schumer of New York, Dick Durbin of Illinois, Robert Menendez of New Jersey and Michael Bennet of Colorado, and Republicans Lindsey Graham of South Carolina, and Marco Rubio of Florida.

Also Tuesday, in another sign of Congress' increased attention to immigration issues, a group of four senators introduced legislation aimed at allowing more high-tech workers into the country, a longtime priority of technology businesses. The bill by Republicans Rubio and Orrin Hatch and Democrats Amy Klobuchar and Chris Coons would increase the number of visas available for high-tech workers, make it easier for them to change jobs once here and for their spouses to work, and aim to make it easier for foreigners at U.S. universities to remain here upon graduation.

___

Julie Pace reported from Washington. Associated Press writer Erica Werner contributed.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/89ae8247abe8493fae24405546e9a1aa/Article_2013-01-29-Immigration/id-87cc31445b80469ebb3716492f4d0325

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Asteroid Resources Could Make Science Fiction Dreams and Nightmares a Reality

The space mining buzzing is increasing lately. "Everyone on Earth would be a billionaire if we use the resources in the asteroid belt" claims R. Branson.

Well Richard, are you going to tell me that if we assimilate the resources the result won't be a handful of gazzilionares that will order planets at Magratea and the rest of us would slave it "Blade runner style". You wanna tell me that magically, incredibly our socioeconomic system will disappear overnight? Provided that by definition the people who can change the system are the greatest benefactors of it, so why will they want to change it?

A billion dollars will be pocket change? How much of it will "trickle down" to my "middle class, ever decreasing buying power because of financial frauds by greedy people" pocket, Richard? It does not matter at all how much resources we can lay our hands on. We will grow, expand, waste them even more recklessly as we do now and eventually finish them off....while all the evils of the socioeconomic system will be with us all the time. Don't fool yourself Richard. Don't try to fool me too!!

But you know, Richard, actually your lie is the way to go from purely egoistic, survival point of view. If we want to make it to the Star Trek era [in one piece] we have to change and I don't mean Obama's change here. I mean paradigm change. I mean the simplest idea of all time - limited growth in an practically infinite Universe. Everyone has their human needs fulfilled. That's just the starting point.

All the above is why I stopped being excited about technology news whatsoever. We made an engine that uses half the fuel? Well, we will just buy twice as many engines because they will be cheaper and besides the whole fraking world including politics, business and religion (but not art and science mind you) constantly, relentlessly screams "more people, more money, only infinite growth is possible, if we stop wasting ever more the economy will collapse, the world would burn and we will be back to the caves, we need more growth, more children or our pensions will be gone, we need more believers in the true faith, we need more, more, more, more, more.....).

Our civilization has no redundancy, no back-up, no long-term planning at all. It is the sloppiest piece of engineering of all time.....no decent geek would ever dream of putting his/her signature on such a piece of crap! And we all live by it, die by it, are run by it! It's horrifying that we first waste the most accessible and the least replaceable resources. That is the way of our system; nothing in it that contradicts this behavior survives. We are re-active not pro-active. Our leaders never lead, they follow, adapt and mimicry.

I will finish this rant by respectfully altering the last sentence from Richard Feinman's "addendum" to the NASA report about the Challenger disaster:

"For a successful civilization reality must take precedence over politics, business and religion *, for Nature cannot be fooled"

* politics, business and religion all operate without any regard of reality [they are all ideologies] and are therefore in the form they are, highly dangerous for the survival of Homo Sapiens

Source: http://rss.slashdot.org/~r/Slashdot/slashdotScience/~3/dD80LkLuSy4/story01.htm

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No alarm, only 1 exit in Brazil nightclub fire

SANTA MARIA, Brazil (AP) ? The nightclub Kiss was hot, steamy from the press of beer-fueled bodies dancing close. The Brazilian country band on stage was whipping the young crowd into a frenzy, launching into another fast-paced, accordion-driven tune and lighting flares that spewed silver sparks into the air.

It was another Saturday night in Santa Maria, a university town of about 260,000 on Brazil's southernmost tip.

Then, in the pre-dawn hours of Sunday, it turned into a scene of indescribable horror as sparks lit a fire in the soundproofing material above the stage, churning out black, toxic smoke as flames raced through the former beer warehouse, killing 231 people.

"I was right there, so even though I was far from the door, at least I realized something was wrong," said Rodrigo Rizzi, a first-year nursing student who was next to the stage when the fire broke out and watched the tragedy unfold, horror-stricken and helpless.

"Others, who couldn't see the stage, never had a chance. They never saw it coming."

A security guard said afterward that the club was at its estimated maximum capacity of between 1,000 and 2,000 people.

There was no fire alarm, no sprinklers, no fire escape. In violation of state safety codes, fire extinguishers were not spaced every 1,500 square feet, and there was only one exit. As the city buried its young Monday, questions were raised about whether Brazil is up to the task of ensuring the safety in venues for the World Cup next year, and the Olympics in 2016. Four people were arrested for questioning, including two band members and the nightclub's co-owner.

Rizzi hadn't even planned on going out that night. He was talked into it by friends and knew dozens at the club. He said the first sign of a problem was insulation dripping above the stage.

The flames at that point were barely noticeable, just tiny tongues lapping at the flammable material. The band's singer, Marcelo dos Santos, noticed it and tried to put out the smoldering embers by squirting water from a bottle.

The show kept going. Then, as the ceiling continued to ooze hot molten foam, dos Santos grabbed the drummer's water bottle and aimed it at the fire. That didn't work either, Rizzi said. A security guard handed the band leader a fire extinguisher. He aimed, but nothing came out; the extinguisher didn't work.

At that point, Rizzi said, the singer motioned to the band to get out. Rizzi calmly made his way to the door ? the club's only exit ? still thinking it was a small fire that would quickly be controlled.

The cavernous building was divided into several sections, including a pub and a VIP lounge ? and hundreds of the college students and teenagers crammed in couldn't see the stage. They continued to drink and dance, unaware of the danger spreading above them.

Then, the place became an inferno.

The band members who headed straight for the door lived. One, Danilo Brauner, went back to get his accordion, and never made it out.

The air turned dense and dark with smoke; there was no light, nothing pointing to the single exit. Rizzi found himself clawing through a panicked crowd that surged blindly toward the door.

"I was halfway across the floor, I could see the door, but the air turned black with this thick smoke," he said. "I couldn't breathe. People started to panic and run toward the door. They were falling, screaming, pulling at each other."

The manager, meanwhile, was outside dealing with a drunk and belligerent young man. No one there had any inkling of the desperate scene unfolding just beyond Kiss' black, sound-proof double doors, said taxi driver Edson Schifelbain, who was in his car, waiting for passengers.

A security guard poked his head out and said there was a fight. A fraction of a second later, someone inside yelled "Fire!" The manager opened the doors and it was like opening the gates of hell, Schifelbain said.

Young men and women, mouths and eyes blackened with soot, clothes tattered, tumbled out screaming and crying. Some ran right over his taxi and two other cabs parked nearby, breaking mirrors, windshields, bashing in the doors. Horrified, he realized his cab was in their way, but couldn't move it because there were bodies hunched over it, collapsed in front of the tires, everywhere.

"The horror I saw in their faces, the terror, I'll never forget," he said. Two girls gasping for air climbed into his car, and as soon as he was able, he sped the six miles (10 kilometers) to the university hospital.

"One of them was crying all the way, screaming, 'My friend is dying,'" he said. "I did what I could. I don't know what happened to those girls."

Inside the club, metal barriers meant to organize the lines of people entering and leaving became traps, corralling desperate patrons within yards of the exit. Bodies piled up against the grates, smothered and broken by the crushing mob.

Rizzi was stuck, unable to move, taking in gulps of smoke, feeling the gaseous mix burn his lungs.

He was within seconds of passing out, he said, when the whole frenzied mass suddenly lurched forward. The gates gave way, and everyone toppled over. Rizzi was lying on top of two or three people, several more heaped on top of him. He stuck out his hands, smacking them against the sidewalk and door. Someone pulled him to safety.

"To get out, I climbed, I pulled people's hair. I felt other people grabbing me, hitting me in the face," he said. "It's hard to describe the horror. But once I was outside, I recovered, and started pulling out the others."

Soon, he said, the street was a sea of bodies.

This was the scene 24-year-old Gabriel Barcellos Disconzi found when he arrived about 3:30 a.m., an hour after fire broke out. Wakened by a phone call from friends, the club regular immediately started pulling out bodies as smoke spewed so thick that entering the building was unthinkable.

Using sledgehammers and picks and their bare hands, he and other young men broke down the walls. Born and bred in Santa Maria, the outgoing young lawyer had dozens of friends and acquaintances inside.

"It was all so fast, there was no time for anything, no time for crying over a friend," he said. "It was dead people over here, living over there. Body after body after body."

Both Rizzi and Disconzi were there when they broke into one of the bathrooms and found a tableau of nearly indescribable desperation: It was crammed with bodies, tangled and tossed like dolls, piled as high as Rizzi's chest. In the darkness and confusion, concert-goers had rushed into the bathroom thinking it was an exit. They died, crushed and airless in the dark.

"I'll never forget the wall of people," Rizzi said.

Disconzi helped load them into a truck. Just the dead jammed into that bathroom filled an entire truck, he said.

By this time, the city was waking up to the dimension of the tragedy unfolding at its heart. Doctors, nurses and psychologists began arriving, giving immediate assistance ? checking eyes and respiratory passages, stabilizing the burned, resuscitating those whose hearts had stopped or lungs had failed because of the smoke. The living they loaded into ambulances. The mounting number of dead went into trucks.

At Charity Hospital, the region's largest, "it was a war scene," said Dr. Ronald Bossemeyer, the technical director.

"Trying to give care, comfort the living, and keep family members who started to arrive from overwhelming everything ? it was madness," he said, choking back tears. "The wounded, the doctors, people running with saline, with oxygen. We've never seen so many patients."

As families waited, nurses and technicians ran back and forth, bringing an earring, a shoe, a wallet, anything that could help identify those still living, Bossemeyer said.

As doctors were at work saving those who could be saved, a group of mothers was calling around to check on one another. Elaine Marques Goncalves woke up to that terrible question: Do you know where your child is?

With a jolt, she realized two of her sons, Gustavo and Deivis, had not come home the night before.

"I knew they'd gone to a club, but I didn't know which one," she said. Trying to keep calm, she joined the multitude pressing for news outside the hospital.

Hours later, she got some good news: Gustavo had burns on 20 percent of his body and had suffered two heart attacks as his lungs failed to draw oxygen, but he was alive and being flown to the state capital, Porto Alegre, for treatment.

"I had time to put my hands on him and say, 'My dear, your mother is here with you,'" she said. "He was sedated, but I know he could hear. Then I had to tear myself away and go find my other son."

Hours passed as the dead piled up in the city gym. It took an entire day of anguish before she learned what she'd dreaded most: Deivis was dead.

As he lay there among basketball hoops and water coolers, one body among so many, she asked the questions on everyone's mind.

"How can a club just burn like that? People have to know what happened here," she said. "It won't bring back my son, but I have to ask. This nightclub was beyond capacity. The whole world has to know. Why couldn't they get out?"

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/no-alarm-only-1-exit-brazil-nightclub-fire-002812171.html

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Monday, January 28, 2013

And Now, Back to Charles (Barkley) with the Weather

We realize there's only so much time one can spend in a day watching new trailers, viral video clips, and shaky cell phone footage of people arguing on live television. This is why every day The Atlantic Wire highlights the videos that truly earn your five minutes (or less) of attention. Today:

RELATED: This Is How You Super Moonwalk; Old People Show Us the Dubstep

So, Charles Barkley is a semi-wonderful, candid announcer, and we fully respect his NBA career. A gifted meteorologist, however, Barkley is not ? but that may be a good thing:

RELATED: 'Morgan Freeman' Reads '50 Shades'; The Science of Orgasms

RELATED: Movie and Television Characters Need a Lesson in Talking Trash

Bless Manti Te'o and his silly story. Bless Katie Couric for devoting time to ask the Notre Dame football star about his silly story. But most of all, bless whoever put together this catchy and entertaining auto-tuning of the entire boondoggle:

RELATED: Let's Welcome Back Hockey with This ESPN Commercial

RELATED: Yes, Someone Turned Their Dead Cat Into a Helicopter

Australia, you are scary:

And finally, this is a baby raccoon who has learned to give people high-fives. Send him your way, because you, you rock star, just made it through a Monday:?

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/now-back-charles-barkley-weather-214107615.html

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Sunday, January 27, 2013

BlackBerry Z10 priced at ?480 sim-free by purported Carphone Warehouse database leak (update)

BlackBerry Z10 purportedly hits Carphone Warehouse database, 480 unlocked

With all the BlackBerry 10 leaks as of late, it seems inevitable that pricing info would get ousted in the lead up to January 30th. Thanks to an anonymous tipster, it appears that the the sim-free version of RIM's Z10 will cost UKers a cool £480 at Carphone Warehouse (for perspective, a 16GB iPhone 5 would run you just roughly £30 more). The leak comes from what's said to be a snapshot of the company's internal database, listing the white variant. The attached BLAZ10WHI model number also syncs up nicely with the previous slip from the retailer. At this rate, not much is going to be left to the imagination when RIM officially unveils its devices come Monday -- who likes surprises anyway, right?

Update: We've updated the post to reflect that the phone was touted to us as "sim-free," specifically.


[Thanks, Anonymous]

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Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/OemOQSQYWUU/

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Purported death threat throws Nevada assembly into uncertainty (reuters)

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Gold And Silver Truth-Seeking: Fundamentals & Opinions Are Useless

All general statements are untrue, [including the one above and this one]. There are exceptions to every general rule, so they cannot always be true.

There is truth to the consideration that all fundamentals and opinions are useless in the markets, as they pertain to timing, and timing plays a huge role when investing/trading. What fundamentals/opinions do is put one?s belief system into a context with regard to the market[s]. If one wants to profit from any belief, he/she is then pitted against the forces of the marketplace in their exercise.

If you know about the fundamentals, to whatever degree you believe, and/or if you have an opinion, from whatever source and however reliable or not, the question then becomes, ?What are you going to do about it?? Our premise topic, fundamentals and opinions are useless, goes back to what we have stated before:

It does not matter what others say about the market.
What matters is what the market says about others.

People are drawn to articles/information that reinforces their beliefs. Markets force people to put aside their bias and deal with what is, or else deal with the consequences if the bias/belief is in conflict. The market is, and always will be, the final arbiter of all ?facts? and ?opinions.?

The market is composed of all the known [and not so well-known] facts that affect supply and demand. ?The gold held in New York and London is/may be gone.? Fact or fiction? The Fed and London ain?t telling, or what they are telling is that ?belief? is untrue. Fiat currencies are being created at unprecedented levels. We all know that is a fact, and many believe gold and silver will/should recognize that fact and be priced accordingly, [but are not]. The fundamentals for silver supply and demand are incredibly bullish. Few can deny that, the few being the Fed and JPM, et al.

The market knows all of this! Yet, the price of both gold and silver are languishing in protracted trading ranges. So how valuable are the fundamentals or opinions about gold going to $5,000, or silver to $400, [pick your own number, as most undoubtedly have one]?

For right now, and for the pat 18 months or so, the best information in the world, the strongest opinions held have been ?useless.? The charts, [the market translated into a visual format], reflect the trading ranges, and current prices are just about dead center within them. The middle of a trading range is where the level of knowledge is at its lowest. It is a coin toss. Price can rally to the top of the range and still fail, or it can decline to the bottom of the range and fail to go lower. Flip a coin!

Whatever your opinion of where the price of gold and/or silver should be, this is what the market is saying about your ?belief/opinion:?

[Monthly charts are not included as the month ends next week, and those charts will be included next week. The discussion for gold is more general, and a little more detail is given in the silver charts, as both are similar.]

The market is showing price to be in the middle of a lengthy trading range, [TR], and until the TR is broken, up or down, one is spinning wheels in between. Last week, we showed how the clustering of closes could signify support and a rally, or a pause before continuing lower. The gold ?rally? fizzled and has retraced back to the clustering. Will it continue to act as support, or fail?

Not only is gold in the middle of the TR, it is also in the middle of a down channel. It is anyone?s guess for now.

Let us add that the fundamentals are incredibly bullish, and within that context, we continue to advocate buying the physical at any price, and buy consistently. Our analysis pertains to trading/buying the futures. Regardless of the bullish context of the fundamentals, the market is saying, ?Not right now.? Until price rallies above $1,800, it is not going reach whatever future expectation one may have, which is all we are saying. For timing, any/all fundamental considerations are useless. For positioning one?s self in the physical, now is the time. When gold/silver take off, [even we have a bias], it will be fast and furious [opinion], with no looking back, but that can be months, Quarters, possibly year[s] away.

gold weekly price chart 25 january 2013 gold silver price news

The daily chart comments pretty much speak for themselves.

Last week, we noted a long position on the strength of the wide range, strong close bar, 6th bar from the end. The recommendation did not lead to much profit, but profits were taken prior to the decline, based on developing market activity at the time.

gold daily price chart 25 january 2013 gold silver price news

While silver is weaker, relatively to gold, it is behaving relatively stronger of late. Note how the weekly close is higher/above the clustering of closes, where gold is right at the clustering location, [both still in the middle!].

As with gold, now is the time to continue accumulating [stacking, as it were] silver at any price. Sales of the American Eagle are going through the roof and were recently halted until 28 January. Why the government continues to sell them at all is beyond us in comprehension, given it is part of the forces [of evil] endeavoring to suppress the market?s alternative to the insidious issue of fiat.

silver weekly price chart 25 january 2013 gold silver price news

For as much as an argument can be made that price is holding reasonably well within the ongoing TR, the ?fact? that silver failed to reach the upper channel line is a sign of weakness. Yet, unlike gold, the decline in silver held above the wide range, strong close bar where a long position was recommended. You can see the small range high at 32.50, 3rd bar from the end. It was the market?s message telling us that demand was weak. The long position was liquidated profitably, before the decline set in. Love those messages!

Where will the decline stop? We have no clue, nor do we [or you] need to guess. Instead, simply wait for developing market activity to indicate demand is overcoming supply. Why guess when the best source of information will make some kind of factual declaration?!

Maybe price will hold potential support at the clustering of closes, maybe not. What is more important is that the existing TR is telling everyone to wait, for those inclined to heed the market?s message. Even on a shorter time frame, within the TR, the market is STILL saying, price is not strong. Buy the physical, but not the futures.

Fundamental context matters for what side one chooses. The message from the market matters the most for timing and implementing one?s belief. That is a fact that has never changed and one that never will. Count on it!

[Just don't take it to the bank. Banks cannot be trusted.]

silver daily price chart 25 january 2013 gold silver price news

Source: http://goldsilverworlds.com/gold-silver-price-news/gold-and-silver-truth-seeking-fundamentals-opinions-are-useless/

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Cold snap causing travel nightmares for Northeast

NEW YORK (Reuters) - Frozen cash machines and canceled classes marked another day of a cold snap gripping large swaths of the United States on Friday, with a winter storm threatening the Northeast's evening commute.

A rapidly moving storm glazed the Midwest and South and headed east, threatening to bring snow and ice to the mid-Atlantic and Northeast for the evening rush hour, forecasters said.

"It's the type of conditions that cause extreme travel nightmares because things just get so slippery," said meteorologist Evan Myers on Accuweather.com.

Because the storm is dumping ice and no more than an inch of snow, it was difficult for plows to clear the roadways, he said.

"It's so cold out that all the anti-skids and things that they use on a highway (are) really not very effective," the meteorologist said.

In upstate New York, authorities considered charging a father who left his 1-year-old son strapped in a car seat for 8 hours while he went to work on Thursday, when temperatures never got above 15 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 9 Celsius).

He had forgotten to drop the child at day care and became aware of the error when his wife called to ask about the child, said Lieutenant Robert Winn of the Colonie Police Department.

"Luckily the car was parked in a spot that received sunlight through the day," said Winn, noting the child was examined at a local hospital and released.

After a week of frigid temperatures in New York City, chilled residents seeking cash for a warming cup of hot cocoa were frustrated to find their assets frozen as some automated teller machines stopped working in the cold.

In Indiana, ice-slickened roadways were blamed for more than 50 crashes, and sections of Interstates 69 and 64 were shut because of accidents, Indiana State Police said.

Treacherous travel conditions in Tennessee, caused by freezing rain, caused pileups on roads and led to canceled flights at Nashville airport. Classes at most schools in the middle of the state were closed or delayed.

In North Carolina, public schools announced early closures in anticipation of worsening weather conditions.

Forecasters said the cold would continue on Saturday and temperatures would start creeping up on Sunday.

(Additional reporting by Tim Ghianni in Tennessee, Susan Guyett in Indiana, Colleen Jenkins in North Carolina; Editing by Cynthia Johnston and Sofina Mirza-Reid)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/cold-hangs-wintry-storm-takes-aim-northeast-commute-191229722.html

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Saturday, January 26, 2013

Cerebral Diva: Bullying, Transgender Women & Domestic Violence ...


I think it's common knowledge that most trans-people have/will be the victims of abuse at some point in their life. The perpetual abuse and lack of empathy or often the motivation for many in the gender variant community to end their own lives in the quest for eternal peace.

For those who choose to stay and fight the world can be a very cruel place, one filled with ostracism, prejudice, homelessness, excommunication and unemployment.

In order to survive in an unforgiving world you need more than a thick skin, you need a suit or armor and arsenal of weaponry (figuratively speaking).

After being beaten up in school on a daily basis, misunderstood at home and feeling an extraterrestrial of sorts, at some point trans-people grow tired of being the one on the receiving end of ass-whoopin's and you learn to fight back (verbally and physically). But through it all...what transgender people really want is love. They desire love and companionship just as most humans desire.

Its the quest for love, combined with a history of violence that can create a dangerous cocktail for many emotionally maladjusted trans-people and their prospective lovers.

Imagined feeling unloved and unwanted for most of your life and then finally finding that special someone that makes you feel complete. Compound that with years of beatings, ridicule, abuse and psychological trauma. You are in for a serious roller coaster ride. Especially if the gender variant person chooses a person who is not comfortable in their own skin or a person who lacks fidelity and sensitivity required to nurture a relationship with a transgender person.

I believe this is why transgender women (especially those of color) often find themselves in relationships where domestic violence is the norm. When you've been abused it creates so many layers of insecurity and unworthiness. It will allow you to make the illogical sound sane for the purpose of maintaining an unhealthy relationship.

If you've been beat up, called "faggot" and "he-she" for the bulk of your life you've essentially been conditioned for an abusive relationship. Violence isn't out of the ordinary, its the standard.

Violence is not atypical in the romantic relationships of many trans-people neither is the escalation and frequency of the violence. The problem is when the trans-person comes out on the winning end of a life or death domestic violence altercation.

There are many transgender women who are now imprisoned or on trial for the death of their lovers. Lovers who were in many cases equally culpable. Yet its the transgender person who is in jail for simply employing one of the most primitive laws known to man: "Kill or be killed".

Don't get me wrong...I am in no way endorsing violence in any capacity. If you do the crime....you do the time. Trans-people have to follow the laws of our society just like anyone else.

It's my hope that trans-people will learn to identify what a healthy relationship looks like and what true love feel like. It is not a fist to the eye or a glass being hurled in your direction form the other side of the room. Love is internal. It lives inward and emanates outward.

Source: http://cerebraldiva.blogspot.com/2013/01/bullying-transgender-women-domestic.html

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Friday, January 25, 2013

Where can i find a good health insurance to pay for eye surgery ...

Well I do not have health insurance and I was just wondering? Does anyone know of a good health insurance that would pay a large sum of money if I do get this surgery?

I don?t know if you?ll be able to get Health Insurance with a pre-existing condition but you can always try the National Eye Institute, which supports eye research, they dont help individuals pay for eye care, however, if you are in need of financial aid to assess or treat an eye problem, you might find one or more programs at their site below:

http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/financialaid.asp

Also, getting quoted is free so you have nothing to lose by shopping around, these http://moneysavecenter.com/health/ will compare 12 carriers filling out just the one form so I saves a lot of time.
Hope you find something!

Source: http://www.1st-hgh.com/hgh-blog/health/where-can-i-find-a-good-health-insurance-to-pay-for-eye-surgery

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New Synthetic Polymer Is First to Match Rigidity of DNA or Collagen

The stiff supergel mimics cell scaffolding such that a cold solution of it poured on to a wound could quickly form a gel barrier when it warmed to body temperature


synthetic polymer When warmed, a new synthetic polymer forms a network, seen here under an atomic force microscope. The gaps are about one-tenth of a micrometer. Image: A. Rowan et al / Radboud University of Nijmegen

Take one kilogram of polyisocyanide polymer. Sprinkle liberally across an Olympic swimming pool. Warm gently. Within minutes, your jelly is ready. Serves 25 million.

Alan Rowan, a materials chemist at Radboud University Nijmegen in the Netherlands, is describing the properties of a remarkable polymer developed in his lab and unveiled today in Nature. He has not actually run the swimming-pool experiment, but he sounds as if he would love to give it a try. When it comes to forming gels, he says excitedly, his polymer is ?probably the best in the world ? an order of magnitude better than anything else?.

But it offers much more than record-breaking dessert portions: it is the first synthetic polymer that can match the rigidity found in many biological polymers, says Margaret Gardel, a biophysicist at the University of Chicago, Illinois, who wrote a News and Views article to accompany the publication. ?Nearly all biopolymers, like DNA or collagen, have some inherent rigidity,? she explains; synthetic polymers, by contrast, tend to be extremely floppy.

Rowan?s polymer strands have a helical backbone with thousands of short peptides jutting out from the sides, each carrying long tails made of repeating carbon and oxygen chains. Nitrogen and hydrogen atoms in neighboring peptides bond to each other to give the backbone rigidity, and the carbon and oxygen tails readily grab water molecules, making the polymer extremely soluble.

helical backbone
The polymer has a helical backbone (red) and tails (blue) that link to neighbouring strands.
Image: Kouwer, P. H. J. et al. Nature

Strong structure
Once the polymer is dissolved, warming it causes the tails to squeeze water molecules away and form links with neighboring polymer strands. Above a certain temperature, the solution transforms into a gel in seconds as the strands self-assemble into bundles roughly 10 nanometers wide. As with the biopolymers in a living cell, or the fibers in a rope, the bundling stiffens the whole structure. ?The nanoscale mechanism is the same as at the macroscale,? says Rowan.

Researchers already knew that bundling was important in strengthening biopolymers. But Rowan?s team has measured the stiffness of individual strands and of the bundles, and has shown the relationship between the two. ?Now that we understand the principles, we can start making gels at even lower concentrations,? predicts Rowan.

The polymer?s ability to form a gel on heating is relatively unusual: the opposite is true for most gels. A gelatin solution, for example, must be cooled to form jelly. Rowan imagines that a cold solution of his polymer poured on to a wound to protect the tissue would quickly form a gel barrier when it warmed to body temperature; applying an ice pack could liquefy it when it was no longer needed. The researchers are now running tests on this concept, ?using a leg of pork that we put in the oven at 40 ?C?, says Rowan.

This article is reproduced with permission from the magazine Nature. The article was first published on January 23, 2013.

Source: http://rss.sciam.com/click.phdo?i=91ab8e88be8da5fdd32cbe71df4693e9

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Clemson University researchers: What happens to peaches when the chill is gone?

Clemson University researchers: What happens to peaches when the chill is gone? [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 24-Jan-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Douglas Bielenberg
dbielen@clemson.edu
864-656-4968
Clemson University

CLEMSON, S.C. The warmer-than-normal temperatures of 2012 the fourth warmest year on record in South Carolina signal potential challenges for growers of the state's best-known fruit. Peaches need cold weather to produce flowers and fruit. What happens when the chill is gone?

"In the spring, many of us think it's longer days and warmer temperatures that start the growth cycle," said Clemson University plant biologist Douglas Bielenberg. "Actually, peach leaf and flower buds are set the previous summer, then they go dormant in the winter. The tree must get sufficient chilling hours to trigger buds to open. Without this chill time, very few peach varieties will bloom well, if at all."

With research funding from the Clemson University Experiment Station, Bielenberg's work on plant dormancy and chilling can help plant breeders and the S.C. peach industry deal with agricultural and economic consequences of climate change.

The requirement for winter cold is the major factor in determining where peaches can be reliably grown for commercial fruit production. Historically, most commercially appealing peaches were developed in colder climates, where chilling hours posed no problem. In warmer regions, such as the coastal South, plant breeders had to cross those appealing peach varieties with lower-quality, low-chill varieties. Breeding premium fruit with low chilling hours has been an ongoing project.

"To grow peaches in low-chill areas breeders had to incorporate genes from trees that did not have elite fruit quality but did have low-chilling genes, which means they diluted the quality traits and then had to build them back up," Bielenberg said. "This takes time years and years. Our work provides research-based information and techniques to breeders to speed up the incorporation of low-chill genes into current elite cultivars while maintaining high fruit-quality traits. The goal is to adapt our current cultivars to future warmer winters."

But there is a flip side to the temperature dilemma. Peaches also need warm temperatures at the right time. An early spring warmup followed by a plummeting cold snap can bring disaster.

This is what happened in 2007 when the entire state crop was wiped out, said Bielenberg. Before the buds open they are more frost resistant. The ideal system would be a chilling requirement that matches local winter conditions combined with a higher heat requirement to keep buds closed longer and protect them from possible sharp freezes.

"The work we are doing not only involves understanding the chilling requirement, but also should help us breed for increased heat requirement to help protect the industry from late freezes," he said. The challenge is that heat requirement is not very well understood and is difficult to study since the timing of chilling and heat requirements overlap.

The temperature needs to be around 45 degrees or lower to meet the chill requirement for peaches. Different varieties need varied chilling times ranging from a couple of hundred hours to more than a thousand. Peach trees can "count" the chilling hours and suspend the count if there is a warm spell, then continue where they stopped when the chilling hours begin again.

Much remains unknown, Bielenberg said. How does a peach tree "sense" the temperature? How does it keep track of the number of chilling hours? How does it blend chilling hours with warming temperatures to control blossoming and growth?

"You can think of what we don't know as a 'black box,' and we haven't figured out how to see what's going on inside," he said.

Bielenberg and colleagues Gregory Reighard and Ksenija Gasic in Clemson's School of Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences are analyzing the peach genome looking for "DNA road signs" markers that can locate genes involved in chilling requirements, dormancy and growth.

"What we are learning is that there is not just one gene that controls the process; and it's not just about sufficient cooler temperatures but also warm temperatures, too," Bielenberg said.

The work will go a long way toward giving breeders like Gasic the tools to adapt fruit trees to climate change.

Second to top-producer California, South Carolina peach growers harvest about 90,000 tons per year valued at $60 million. Each year Clemson plant scientists evaluate more than 350 peach varieties to provide information needed by South Carolina growers.

Bielenberg and his colleagues have planted a special stand of 400 peach trees that contain genetic material between the extremes of chilling requirements. The seeds were given to Bielenberg by their developer, USDA Agriculture Research Service plant breeder W.R. Okie. They provide an opportunity to discover the mechanisms that cause variations in chilling requirements and may lead to discovering how to keep producing South Carolina peaches in spite of warming temperatures.

Understanding how the process works could affect other perennial fruit and nut crops, such as apples and pears, which are not related but require chilling hours.

###

Clemson University Experiment Station

Clemson's Experiment Station is part of a nationwide system of scientists working to improve the quality of life for people in their home state, the nation and the world. Clemson researchers have produced more than 100 new varieties of food and fiber crops, as well as 50 patents. In 2012, the Experiment Station had more than 112 active research projects. This research was funded in part by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, (NIFA) in the U.S. Department of Agriculture.



[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Clemson University researchers: What happens to peaches when the chill is gone? [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 24-Jan-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Douglas Bielenberg
dbielen@clemson.edu
864-656-4968
Clemson University

CLEMSON, S.C. The warmer-than-normal temperatures of 2012 the fourth warmest year on record in South Carolina signal potential challenges for growers of the state's best-known fruit. Peaches need cold weather to produce flowers and fruit. What happens when the chill is gone?

"In the spring, many of us think it's longer days and warmer temperatures that start the growth cycle," said Clemson University plant biologist Douglas Bielenberg. "Actually, peach leaf and flower buds are set the previous summer, then they go dormant in the winter. The tree must get sufficient chilling hours to trigger buds to open. Without this chill time, very few peach varieties will bloom well, if at all."

With research funding from the Clemson University Experiment Station, Bielenberg's work on plant dormancy and chilling can help plant breeders and the S.C. peach industry deal with agricultural and economic consequences of climate change.

The requirement for winter cold is the major factor in determining where peaches can be reliably grown for commercial fruit production. Historically, most commercially appealing peaches were developed in colder climates, where chilling hours posed no problem. In warmer regions, such as the coastal South, plant breeders had to cross those appealing peach varieties with lower-quality, low-chill varieties. Breeding premium fruit with low chilling hours has been an ongoing project.

"To grow peaches in low-chill areas breeders had to incorporate genes from trees that did not have elite fruit quality but did have low-chilling genes, which means they diluted the quality traits and then had to build them back up," Bielenberg said. "This takes time years and years. Our work provides research-based information and techniques to breeders to speed up the incorporation of low-chill genes into current elite cultivars while maintaining high fruit-quality traits. The goal is to adapt our current cultivars to future warmer winters."

But there is a flip side to the temperature dilemma. Peaches also need warm temperatures at the right time. An early spring warmup followed by a plummeting cold snap can bring disaster.

This is what happened in 2007 when the entire state crop was wiped out, said Bielenberg. Before the buds open they are more frost resistant. The ideal system would be a chilling requirement that matches local winter conditions combined with a higher heat requirement to keep buds closed longer and protect them from possible sharp freezes.

"The work we are doing not only involves understanding the chilling requirement, but also should help us breed for increased heat requirement to help protect the industry from late freezes," he said. The challenge is that heat requirement is not very well understood and is difficult to study since the timing of chilling and heat requirements overlap.

The temperature needs to be around 45 degrees or lower to meet the chill requirement for peaches. Different varieties need varied chilling times ranging from a couple of hundred hours to more than a thousand. Peach trees can "count" the chilling hours and suspend the count if there is a warm spell, then continue where they stopped when the chilling hours begin again.

Much remains unknown, Bielenberg said. How does a peach tree "sense" the temperature? How does it keep track of the number of chilling hours? How does it blend chilling hours with warming temperatures to control blossoming and growth?

"You can think of what we don't know as a 'black box,' and we haven't figured out how to see what's going on inside," he said.

Bielenberg and colleagues Gregory Reighard and Ksenija Gasic in Clemson's School of Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences are analyzing the peach genome looking for "DNA road signs" markers that can locate genes involved in chilling requirements, dormancy and growth.

"What we are learning is that there is not just one gene that controls the process; and it's not just about sufficient cooler temperatures but also warm temperatures, too," Bielenberg said.

The work will go a long way toward giving breeders like Gasic the tools to adapt fruit trees to climate change.

Second to top-producer California, South Carolina peach growers harvest about 90,000 tons per year valued at $60 million. Each year Clemson plant scientists evaluate more than 350 peach varieties to provide information needed by South Carolina growers.

Bielenberg and his colleagues have planted a special stand of 400 peach trees that contain genetic material between the extremes of chilling requirements. The seeds were given to Bielenberg by their developer, USDA Agriculture Research Service plant breeder W.R. Okie. They provide an opportunity to discover the mechanisms that cause variations in chilling requirements and may lead to discovering how to keep producing South Carolina peaches in spite of warming temperatures.

Understanding how the process works could affect other perennial fruit and nut crops, such as apples and pears, which are not related but require chilling hours.

###

Clemson University Experiment Station

Clemson's Experiment Station is part of a nationwide system of scientists working to improve the quality of life for people in their home state, the nation and the world. Clemson researchers have produced more than 100 new varieties of food and fiber crops, as well as 50 patents. In 2012, the Experiment Station had more than 112 active research projects. This research was funded in part by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, (NIFA) in the U.S. Department of Agriculture.



[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/cu-cur012413.php

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